Psalms 45:1-17

These attributes refer to the Prophet Muḥammad. Here is the proof:

First: The text contains descriptions of the Prophet Muḥammad. One of which is that he possesses a beauty not found in other humans, which is indicated by the saying: “You are the most handsome of the sons of mankind”.

This beauty is mentioned in the books that documented his features and characteristics.

Second, the phrase: “Grace is poured upon Your lips” refers to the eloquence and miraculous nature that characterizes the Qur’ān.

Third, verse 2 states: “Therefore God has blessed You forever”, meaning that his message is eternal, not temporary, and is preserved and unchanged. This is also the meaning of what follows in verse 6: “Your throne, O God, is forever and ever”. Then he said after that: 3. Strap Your sword on Your thigh, O Mighty One, In Your splendor and majesty! 4. And in Your majesty ride on victoriously, For the cause of truth, humility, and righteousness; Let Your right hand teach You awesome things. 5. Your arrows are sharp; The peoples fall under You; Your arrows are in the heart of the King’s enemies.

COMMENTARY:

The Prophet Muḥammad is the owner of a sword, by which he subdued his enemies who obstructed his efforts to convey the message of Islam and establish truth and justice. This began with the Arab tribes, then the Roman forces. During the era of the Caliphs Abū Bakr aṣ-Ṣiddīq (Abu Bakr As-Siddiq) and then ‘Umar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb (Umar ibn al-Khattab), the Romans and Persians were defeated — and these are what is referred to in his saying: (The peoples fall under You).

This description mentioned in the glad tiding applies only to the Prophet Muḥammad. No one took up the sword after David except Muḥammad (peace and blessings of Allāh be upon him). Conversely, the Messiah (peace be upon him) did not carry a sword, did not make his enemies fall, and did not aim his arrows at the hearts of his enemies to spread the call of truth. Rather, he struggled to spread the call only with his tongue, and when they intended to kill him, Allāh raised him to heaven, honored and revered. Moreover, he was never a king over his people during his lifetime.

In addition, his saying: (Strap Your sword on Your thigh, O Mighty One) — in it is a notice of his strength and his subduing of his enemies.

And his saying: (And in Your majesty ride) — in it is an allusion to his awe in the hearts of his enemies, and that is why he was addressed with the attribute of the Mighty One, for he possessed strength and awe. His enemies had no choice but to accept Islam, or to fight, or to pay the jizya in exchange for being allowed to remain under Islamic rule, with their blood, wealth, and honor protected.

As stated above, he is the one who was sent with a strong law, crushing all the kings of the earth and their nations until the earth was filled with his ummah, and his authority is everlasting to the end of time — no one is able to remove it. Just as he removed the dominion of the Jews from the earth, and removed the dominion of the Christians from the best parts of the earth and its center [Translator’s note: the Arabic footnotes give these as ash-Shām (the Levant) and Africa, especially Egypt, respectively], so that their dominion became confined to some of its peripheries; and he removed the dominion of the Magians [Persia, now called Iran], the idol-worshippers [the Arabian Peninsula], and the Sabians. [Adapted, with minor modification, from Ibn al-Qayyim, Hidāyat al-Ḥayārā fī ajwibat al-Yahūd wal- Naṣārā, p. 191.] His saying in verse 6: “The scepter of Your kingdom is a scepter of justice” means that his kingdom (expressed metaphorically by the scepter) is based on righteousness and justice, not on oppression and transgression. This is indeed the case, as recorded in biographies and history.

7 - “You have loved righteousness and hated wickedness; Therefore God, Your God, has anointed You With the oil of joy above Your companions.”

This phrase means that the Prophet Muḥammad loved goodness and hated sin, like all the prophets who came before him. However, Allāh favored him over others, choosing him to spread his message to all people until the Day of Resurrection, as in His saying: “Your God, has anointed You With the oil of joy above Your companions”. Here companions refer to the prophets who preceded him.

9 – “Kings’ daughters are among Your noble women; At Your right hand stands the queen in gold from Ophir.” Interpretation of this phrase: This indicates that the Prophet Muḥammad married Ṣafiyyah bint Ḥuyayy ibn Akhṭab (Safiyyah bint Huyayy ibn Akhtab), a Jewish leader. Also, Māriyah bint Sham‘ūn al-Qibṭiyyah (Mary the Copt) was gifted to him by Al- Muqawqis, the governor of the Coptic Church of Alexandria, appointed by Heraclius, the Byzantine emperor.

Furthermore, Shahrabānū bint Y azdajird (Shahr Banu bint Y azdegerd) daughter of (the King of Persia) was the wife of Al- Ḥusayn (Al-Hussein) (may Allāh be pleased with him), the son of his daughter Fāṭimah (Fatimah) (may Allāh be pleased with her).

This indicates how other nations entered and submitted to his religion with joy and gladness, which is the meaning of His saying: “She will be brought to the King in colorful garments; The virgins, her companions who follow her, Will be brought to You. They will be brought with joy and rejoicing”. Then He said: “They will enter into the King’s palace”, meaning people enter his religion, and his people are replaced with honor after the humiliation they experienced before his mission. Then He said: “In place of your fathers will be your sons” – Allāh will replace the authority of his fathers, who were masters of Mecca, with his sons, meaning his followers, who became rulers of the earth.

Then He said: “whom You shall make princes in all the earth”, meaning they will become masters of the world. This is reality: the companions of the Prophet Muḥammad came to dominate nations, as did the caliphs after them, until the Islamic state extended from China in the east to Andalusia in the west, from Turkey in the north to India in the south, leaving only a small kingdom ruled by the Romans in a part of Europe. His saying: “I will make Your name known among all generations” means generation after generation.

“Therefore the peoples will praise You forever and ever” – This is reality. He is still referred to as Aḥmed, Muḥammad, and Maḥmoud (the Praised One). He has a praiseworthy remembrance forever. The books written about his biography unanimously praise him, in addition to what has been written by fair-minded non-Muslim thinkers, orientalists, philosophers, and historians. Furthermore, Muslims mention him constantly whenever they mention Allāh, at all times and in all places – on land, sea, and air – because they continuously say “I bear witness that there is no god but Allāh, and I bear witness that Muḥammad is the Messenger of Allāh” in the call to prayer, during the prayer itself, and in other situations.